C4 photosynthesis

نویسنده

  • Elizabeth A. Kellogg
چکیده

The question then is how the same neurons convey two different sorts of information. The answer is that motor giants are capable of generating two types of action potentials, small/slow calcium spikes and large/fast sodium spikes, depending on the degree of depolarization it receives. As opposed to the input from the ring giant, the input from the pacemaker is too low to trigger the sodium spikes, thus only inducing slow swimming. In addition to speed control, Aglantha can steer the direction of swimming by changing the shape of the bell opening, the velum. Many Hydrozoa species, including Aglantha, can move individual tentacles to deliver captured prey to the mouth, which requires coordinated directional movement of a tentacle, velum, and manubrium.

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Oligocene CO2 Decline Promoted C4 Photosynthesis in Grasses

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Leaf Anatomy of Orcuttieae (poaceae: Chloridoideae): More Evidence of C4 Photosynthesis without Kranz Anatomy

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Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis

C4 photosynthesis has independently evolved from the ancestral C3 pathway in at least 60 plant lineages, but, as with other complex traits, how it evolved is unclear. Here we show that the polyphyletic appearance of C4 photosynthesis is associated with diverse and flexible evolutionary paths that group into four major trajectories. We conducted a meta-analysis of 18 lineages containing species ...

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Environmental regulation of C(3) and C(4) differentiation in the amphibious sedge Eleocharis vivipara.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Current Biology

دوره 23  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013